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Volume 37 , Issue 2
March/April 2022
Pages 339–345

Evaluation of Retention Forces of Implant-Supported Zirconia Copings on Titanium Abutments Coated with Metal Opaquers Using Different Cements

Wenlong Lei, DDS/Jingmei Guo, PhD/Rui Du, BS/Bin Shi, PhD

PMID: 35476863
DOI: 10.11607/jomi.9329

Purpose: To evaluate the use of a new resin metal opaquer on the surface of titanium abutments, in combination with two luting agents, and its effect on the retentive strength of implant-supported zirconia copings. Materials and Methods: Sixty customized titanium abutments were designed and fabricated with virtual design software and a milling machine. Thirty abutment specimens were coated with metal opaquers, and the others were not coated. Then, the titanium abutments were fitted into the implant analogs, and the abutment–implant analog complexes were embedded in acrylic resin blocks. Sixty CAD/CAM-fabricated zirconia copings were seated on the abutments and secured with glassionomer cement or self-adhesive resin cement. The specimens were stored in 100% humidity for 1 hour and artificial saliva for 23 hours at 37°C before thermocycling for 5,000 cycles of 5°C to 55°C with a 30-second dwell time. The retentive strength was measured using a pull-out test with a universal testing machine. The dislodgment forces were statistically analyzed via two-way analysis of variance (ANOVA). The failure modes were evaluated and categorized by examining the fracture surface. Results: The metal opaquer material had a significant negative effect on retention of zirconia copings. The nonopaquer titanium abutments showed significantly (P < .05) higher retentive strength than the metal opaquer abutments. Comparing the cements, the retentive strength values of self-adhesive resin cement were significantly higher than those of glass-ionomer cement. The metal opaquer groups exhibited mostly mixed-type failures, a combination of adhesive failures and cohesive failures, whereas the nonopaquer groups showed mostly adhesive-type failures. Conclusion: The titanium abutments coated with the new metal opaquer material resulted in a reduction of retentive strength. Self-adhesive resin cements exhibited significantly higher retention than glass-ionomer cements.

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